Recent studies have focused on the possible role of VDR genetic variations in the development of several types of diseases, e.g. Published data showed that the length of the protein product of the VDR gene could influence the transcriptional rate of vitamin-dependent genes. Not all functional effects of described VDR polymorphisms have been revealed. Human VDR is encoded by a VDR gene located on chromosome 12 (12cen-q12). The heterodimer with RXR binds to specific vitamin D promoter-dependent gene sites, called vitamin D response elements (VDREs), and then influences transcriptional activity.
The RXR belongs to the family of nuclear receptors specific for steroid hormones (SHs), which also includes thyroid hormone receptors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor – PPAR. In its metabolic pathway, VDR undergoes a conformational change and forms a heterodimer complex with the retinoid X receptor (RXR). The active form of vitamin D – 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D – mediates its biological functions through a steroid transcriptional mechanism by influencing the expression of several associated genes. Over 900 genes may be transcribed by VDR. The VDR belongs to the family of nuclear receptors and carries out its functions as a transcription factor. The pleiotropic actions of vitamin D are mediated by a specific type of receptor. Thus, vitamin D may be a potential protective factor against the development of UFs. According to the available sources, patients with UFs have statistically significantly lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) serum concentrations in comparison to controls.
Recent studies have demonstrated that UF development can be particularly related to vitamin D. Vitamin D has been postulated to reduce the incidence of breast, prostate and colorectal cancers, probably due to better regulation of cell differentiation, angiogenesis inhibition and apoptosis stimulation. Vitamin D is believed to reduce the risk of several chronic diseases, chief among them diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and multiple sclerosis. brain, prostate and immune system organs. Vitamin D receptors are found in many different tissues, e.g. Vitamin D comprises a group of fat-soluble steroid compounds which exert powerful, pleiotropic effects all over the human body. The UFs can be the cause of many clinical symptoms including abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pressure-related complaints, pain, urinary incontinence, urine retention, infertility, and others. The UFs affect over 25% of females in the reproductive age and cause significant morbidity in that population. Their incidence has been estimated at approximately 25–80%, depending on various risk factors. The UFs are one of the most common pathologies in women globally. Uterine fibroids (UFs) are benign tumors which are derived from the smooth muscle cells of the uterus or the vascular wall. Larger sample size and multi-ethnic studies are necessary to investigate the matter further.
Conclusions: We found no association between rs731236, rs1544410, and rs2228570 VDR polymorphisms and UF incidence in Caucasian women. Results: No statistically significant differences in the occurrence of selected VDR polymorphisms were observed between UF-positive women and healthy controls. VDR gene polymorphisms rs731236 (TaqI), rs1544410 (BsmI) and rs2228570 (FokI) were determined using TaqMan and Simple Probes. A total of 197 patients (114 fibroid-positive and 83 controls) were included in this retrospective cohort study. Material and methods: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between rs731236, rs1544410, and rs2228570 polymorphisms in the VDR (vitamin D receptor) gene and the incidence of UFs in Caucasian women. autoimmune system diseases, various cancers and infections. Recent findings have focused on the possible role of VDR genetic variations in the development of several types of diseases, e.g. These actions are mediated by a specific type of receptor – vitamin D receptor (VDR). Recent studies have demonstrated that the development of UFs can be particularly related to vitamin D and its receptor. Introduction: Uterine fibroids (UFs) are benign tumors which are derived from the smooth muscle cells of the uterus.
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